LANGUAGE AND GENDER IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

his paper highlights the impact ofgender differences in English Language Teaching. It explores students’ learning styles as affected by the notions about men and women differences in communication. The data collected in 2008 from 20 males and 20 females’ English students of the State University of Makassar. It is to reveal their attitudes towards speaking to different sex, strategy to express opinion, group work preferences, activeness/passiveness, and their perception to increase English skills dealing with sex difference. It is revealed that female than male students were reluctant to speak to different sex; females preferred the direct way to express opinions (writing), work with the same sex, and tended to be passive in class. In addition, females saw the high possibility to increase their English skills by working with the same sex but the reverse is true for males. These differentstyles of female and male students in learning English were affected by the notions of women’s language

EXPLORING GENDER ROLES IN THE STORY OF I LA GALIGO

This paper aims at exploring the gender roles in the story of I La Galigo. This story is an epic of the Bugissociety featuring the adventure and the lives of the first humans occupying and living in the Earth. Based on theanalysis, gender roles can be seen in the story, such as the roles of Datu Palinge’ as the wife who can influence thedecision making of the King, Sang Patoto’e. The reflection of gender can also be seen in the expected behaviorsof Bugis men and women for masculinity and femininity. Men are expected to be warani (brave) and women areexpected to be malebbi’ (modest). These expected behaviors can be seen from women characters, We Nyili’ Timoand We Datu Sengngeng, and from men characters, Batara Lattu’ and Sawerigading. Another gender issue can alsobe seen in the pattern of patrilineal society and the tendency to marginalize women’s position.Key words: Bugis society, I La Galigo, Gender roles

Rituals Of Politeness In Bugis Society

Paper ini membahas cara-cara yang dipakai oleh masyarakat Bugis mengekspressikan kesopanannya melalui sejumlah tindak tutur (speech acts) seperti ucapan salam, terima kasih, penyampaian undangan, dan permohonan maaf. Penelitian diadakan pada dua lokasi masyarakat Bugis: di daerah pedesaan, Awangpone, Bone dan di daerah perkotaan, Parepare. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan partisipan observasi, interview, dan merekam percakapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Bugis menggunakan tindak tutur tersebut di atas untuk menunjukkan kesopanan mereka. Tindak tutur tersebut di atas juga digunakan sebagai ritual dalam suatu pertemuan. Tindak tutur ini juga berfungsi sebagai basa-basi yang lebih menunjukkan kesopanan mereka

STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF SEMIOTICS IN HUMOR TIMES MAGAZINE AND COMIC PEANUTS: THE ACCIDENTAL CANDIDATE

: Comic is one of the books that consists of sequence pictures and text on the same page making it different from other books. It has visual language and metaphor that creates narrative stories through the drawings that appear in it. Visual language and metaphor consist of three important references namely iconic, indexical, and symbolic reference. This study aims at findings of students' understanding of semiotics by interpreting visual language and metaphor. The method used in this study is known as Descriptive Content Analysis which is describing in detail a certain text including characteristics and aspects in the text. Thus, 20 students of English Literature Department, UNM, were asked to write an argumentative essay. The instruments of this study are comic Peanuts: the Accidental Candidate and Humor Times Magazine. The result of the study has shown that students interpreted the visual language and metaphor by interpreting color in the comic that represents the symbol of a particular party, country, and royalty. In addition, students' writing showed that color is not only being the symbolic reference but also being the indexical reference. Cultural background affected students’ interpretation of visual language and metaphor. Keyword: visual language, visual metaphor, semiotic

STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF SEMIOTICS IN HUMOR TIMES MAGAZINE AND COMIC PEANUTS: THE ACCIDENTAL CANDIDATE

: Comic is one of the books that consists of sequence pictures and text on the same page making it different from other books. It has visual language and metaphor that creates narrative stories through the drawings that appear in it. Visual language and metaphor consist of three important references namely iconic, indexical, and symbolic reference. This study aims at findings of students' understanding of semiotics by interpreting visual language and metaphor. The method used in this study is known as Descriptive Content Analysis which is describing in detail a certain text including characteristics and aspects in the text. Thus, 20 students of English Literature Department, UNM, were asked to write an argumentative essay. The instruments of this study are comic Peanuts: the Accidental Candidate and Humor Times Magazine. The result of the study has shown that students interpreted the visual language and metaphor by interpreting color in the comic that represents the symbol of a particular party, country, and royalty. In addition, students' writing showed that color is not only being the symbolic reference but also being the indexical reference. Cultural background affected students’ interpretation of visual language and metaphor. Keyword: visual language, visual metaphor, semiotic

Measuring information contents quality of E-Services through mobile devices

Mobile devices are important channel for delivering services especially when most users are more dependable on these devices. Information Contents is abundant and accessible by these devices anytime and anywhere. However. there is lack effort that focus on how to ensure the information contents accessed using mobile devices has high quality and satisfy the users. Often time, the same contents which are accessible from the standard size computers are left for the mobile device. The challenges are displaying the most important contents to be seen on the small screen of the mobile device. This book chapter describe interface design and information quality needs and user satisfactions measurement within electronic services. It focuses on the framework to measure relevant qualities and examine relationship among them

The use of SAS for enterprise data management

This chapter presents analysis of current data management challenges, tools, and practices in selected financial institutions in developed (i.e. United kingdom) and developing (i.e. Malaysia) countries. The chapter attempts to explore how SAS tools were used to tackle those challenges and the benefits gained through implementing SAS software. Also, the chapter examined the business data management tools and practices used by the selected organizations to propose alternative technologies for improvement and best practic

Learning motivation for slow learners with tablet technology

Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube arrays (also termed as VACNTs or CNT forest) have recently found to be transformable to a reflective mirror from a naturally black absorber. The feature of improved reflectance can be attained by the controllable tip bending process using the bottom surface of a rotated cylindrical tool (the process called micro-mechanical bending (M2B)). In this paper, the polarized light reflectance of bent and compacted region of the CNT forest using M2B method has been investigated. We observed that reflectance from the processed CNT zone was highly dependent on the angle of incidence and polarization state of the incident laser. For the first time, the refractive index of the tip bent CNT forests by M2B method was investigated and found to be in a range of ∼1.8

Teacher Talk in Classroom Interaction: A Study at an English Department in Indonesia

The research aims at analyzing teacher talk in classroom interaction based on Foreign Language Interaction Analysis (FLINT) system in speaking classroom of English department of Language and Literature Faculty of State University of Makassar. The method used in this research was a descriptive method. The instruments were FLINT system. The participants of the research were the lecturer and students of a speaking class during the second semester of academic year 2011/2012 at English Department of Language and Literature Faculty of State University of Makassar. The results of the research are: teacher talk of giving praises and encouragement is approximately less, the asking questions category dominate the teacher talk category, which means it is in the beneficial function. The lecturer asked the questions to the students and the students responded it well by speaking eagerly. The utterances of giving direction occurred in relatively short times. While in student talk, there are students’ problems and difficulties in speaking. The extracts of student talk in classroom interaction revealed the students problems such as the lack of vocabulary, anxiety, inability to form ideas in English language form, and grammar error. The teacher talk frequency was still excessive, but the lecturer made group and pair discussions to balance the effective talk for students in student-student interaction. Keywords: Classroom, interaction, FLINT, Speakin

The use of politeness strategies in the classroom context by English university students

ABSTRACT Politeness still becomes a major concern in English language teaching. It is considered as one way to maintain effective classroom interaction. Therefore, as one of the important actors in the class, teachers, and students need to practice politeness as a way to create effective classroom interaction. This study aims to explore the politeness strategies of English students at one of the universities in Makassar. The researcher applied a descriptive qualitative research method to explore the politeness phenomena in EFL classroom interaction. The participants of this research were two classes of English literature program consisting of 50 students. The primary sources of data were the individual student presentations which had been recorded. There were fifty transcriptions of the recording which lasted for five to seven minutes for each presentation. The transcriptions were analyzed and discussed based on the theory of politeness of Brown and Levinson (1987). The findings from this study revealed that English students used different kinds of expressions to encode their politeness in the class. Those expressions were in the forms of greetings, thanking, addressing terms, apologizing, and fillers. There were also some terms derived from students’ vernacular language which were used as a softening mechanism for their presentation. These expressions were categorized as positive and negative politeness. The findings of this study might be used as an input for teachers and students in an effort to create effective classroom interaction